中国经济问题

中国经济问题 ›› 2026›› Issue (03): 75-.

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失业保险金对企业创新的影响——基于探索创新和利用创新的异质性分析

  

  • 出版日期:2026-05-20 发布日期:2026-07-27

The Impact of Unemployment Insurance Benefits on Corporate Innovation :Evidence from the Heterogeneity of Exploratory and Exploitative Innovation

  • Online:2026-05-20 Published:2026-07-27

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摘要： 本文主要考察了失业保险金对企业创新的影响。研究发现，失业保险金促进了企业创新，其中主要是促进了探索创新，而对利用创新的促进效应不明显。机制检验显示，失业保险金通过现金流效应和劳动配置效应增加企业创新投入，特别是风险更高的探索创新投入，进而促进了企业探索创新。异质性分析显示，在员工关怀更好的企业中，失业保险金的企业创新促进效应更显著。进一步地，失业保险金不仅增加了企业创新产出，更是强化了企业独立创新和突破创新能力。本文研究有助于丰富劳动力市场制度与创新领域的研究。

关键词: 失业保险金, 企业创新, 探索创新, 利用创新

Abstract: This paper examines the effect of UI on corporate innovation. The findings reveal that UI promotes corporate innovation, primarily by stimulating exploratory innovation, while its effect on exploitative innovation is not significant. Mechanism analysis indicates that UI enhances firms’ innovation investment—particularly in higher-risk exploratory innovation—through a cash flow effect and a labor allocation effect. Heterogeneity analysis shows that the innovation-promoting effect of UI is more pronounced in firms with better employee care. Furthermore, UI not only at the surface level increases innovation output but also strengthens firms’ independent and breakthrough innovation capabilities. This study contributes to the literature on labor market institutions and innovation.

Key words: unemployment insurance benefits, corporate innovation, exploratory innovation, exploitative innovation