中国经济问题 ›› 2026›› Issue (01): 48-.

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利润率动态与产业结构变迁———一个政治经济学的统计均衡分析 

  

  • 出版日期:2026-03-15 发布日期:2026-03-18

  • Online:2026-03-15 Published:2026-03-18

摘要:

优化产业结构是新时代推进经济高质量发展的重要途径本文以马克思利润率动态理论为基础借鉴统计均衡的分析方法构建了将利润率动态与产业结构变迁相结合的分析框架基于此我们利用中国19922020年的投入产出数据研究了产业利润率的分布特征及演化趋势发现中国产业利润率的离散程度、正偏态等特征趋于稳定同时随着经济的发展产业发展不平衡的情况得到了较大改善但中国仍面临优化产业结构以促进增长的动力不足的紧迫问题为了优化产业结构以促进高质量发展需要以系统的观点构建高水平社会主义市场经济体制以科技创新和产业创新融合发展新质生产力推进产业结构升级

关键词:

产业结构, 利润率平均化, 统计均衡, 不确定性

Abstract:

Optimizing the industrial structure is a crucial pathway to promoting high–quality economic development in the new era. Based on Marx's theory of profit rate dynamics, this paper establishes a theoretical framework that integrates the dynamics of the profit rates with industrial structural change drawing on the method of statistical equilibrium. Based on this the theoretical framework, we utilize the national input-output tables of China (1992-2020) to investigate the distributional characteristics and evolutionary trends of industrial profit rates. The empirical results indicate that the dispersion and positive skewness of profit rates have gradually stabilized over time. With economic development, significant progress has been made in reducing industrial imbalances. Nevertheless, China still grapples with the pressing issue of insufficient structural dynamism to support growth–driven industrial transformation. To promote high–quality development through industrial upgrading, it is essential to adopt a systemic perspective in constructing a high-standard socialist market economy system, foster the integrated development of scientific and industrial innovation to cultivate and promote new quality productive forces, thereby driving the upgrading of the industrial structure.

Key words:

industrial structure, profit rate equalization, statistical equilibrium, uncertainty